HEV-IgM Reagent – Jaj International

Description

Hepatitis E is a disease caused by infection with hepatitis E virus (HEV) and was first recognized in the early 1980s. The virus is member of the Hepeviridae family. It has at least 4 known mammalian genotypes (named 1 to 4), which belong to a single serotype. The viral genome contains three non-overlapping open reading frames (ORF 1-3). Of these, ORF2 codes for the viral capsid protein which is the target of neutralizing antibodies against HEV.

To date, genotypes 1 and 2 have been found only in humans, whereas genotypes 3 and 4 have also been found in several mammalian species. The virus is relatively stable in the environment and is sensitive to heat, chlorination and ultraviolet light. New genotypes of HEV (i.e. genotype 5-8), with limited information about their pathogenicity to human and cross-reactivity with human genotypes 1 to 4, have been reported very recently.

HEV is transmitted principally via the fecal-oral route. The virus can cause large water-born epidemics of the disease and sporadic cases as well. A global burden of disease study estimated that HEV genotypes 1 and 2 account for approximately 20.1 million HEV infections, 3.4 million symptomatic cases, 70 000 deaths, and 3000 stillbirths annually.

HEV-infected persons exhibit a wide clinical spectrum, ranging from asymptomatic infection through acute icteric hepatitis to fulminant hepatitis. During epidemics, fulminant hepatitis E occurs at a disproportionately high rate among pregnant women. The disease is typically most severe during the third trimester of pregnancy.

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